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Force-Velocity Profile Calculator

Enter F0, V0 and body mass to build the sprint force-velocity profile.

Result

22.50 W/kg
1,688 W
-0.90 N/kg/(m/s)
675 N
5.00 m/s

How it is calculated

The tool assumes a straight-line relation between force and velocity, F(v) = F0 − (F0 ÷ V0) × v, and derives everything from the two end points. F0 is the theoretical maximum force per kilogram of body mass in N/kg, V0 is the theoretical maximum velocity in m/s, and mass is body mass in kg. Outputs: slope Sfv = −F0 ÷ V0; relative peak power Pmax = F0 × V0 ÷ 4 in W/kg; absolute power Pmax × mass in W; absolute force F0 × mass in N; and the velocity of peak power V0 ÷ 2. All three inputs must be greater than zero. F0 is read per kilogram, so enter it as N/kg, not as total newtons.

Worked example

An athlete has F0 = 9 N/kg, V0 = 10 m/s and a mass of 75 kg. Slope: −9 ÷ 10 = −0.90 N/kg/(m/s). Relative power: 9 × 10 ÷ 4 = 22.50 W/kg. Absolute power: 22.5 × 75 = 1687.5, shown as 1,688 W. Absolute force: 9 × 75 = 675 N. Peak power occurs at 10 ÷ 2 = 5.00 m/s, half of V0.

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Common mistakes

  • Entering F0 in total newtons rather than N/kg. The engine multiplies by body mass itself, so absolute force and power would be inflated by the mass.
  • Using the best measured speed as V0. V0 is the theoretical speed at zero force, usually higher than the speed actually reached.
  • Typing the slope as a positive number when comparing results. The slope is negative by definition, since force falls as velocity rises.
  • Entering mass in pounds. The absolute power and force assume kilograms.

About this calculator

In sprint biomechanics, an athlete's ability to produce force decreases as running velocity increases, and this relationship is approximately linear — the basis of Samozino's force-velocity-power method. From two theoretical extremes, the maximum force at zero velocity (F0) and the maximum velocity at zero force (V0), the method derives the force-velocity slope (Sfv = −F0/V0), maximum power output (Pmax = F0·V0/4), and the optimal velocity at which that peak power occurs.

This calculator takes F0, V0, and body mass and builds the full sprint force-velocity profile. Sports scientists and strength & conditioning coaches use this profiling to determine whether a sprinter is more “force-deficient” or “velocity-deficient” relative to their optimal profile, then design individualized training — heavy resisted sprints versus overspeed or assisted sprints — to correct the imbalance and improve acceleration.

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