Physics, Chemistry & Astronomy
Physics, chemistry and astronomy calculators: motion and energy, gas laws, concentrations and molar mass, lenses, orbits and constants. Inputs and results carry their units, and each page shows the equation it solves.
307 tools · page 1 of 6
- Carnot Efficiency Calculator Calculate the maximum (Carnot) efficiency of a heat engine from hot and cold reservoir temperatures.
- Efficiency Calculator Calculate efficiency: useful output / total input.
- Wavelength & Frequency Calculator Convert between the wavelength and frequency of an electromagnetic wave using c = f·λ.
- De Broglie Wavelength Calculator Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of a moving particle from its mass and velocity.
- Work Done Calculator Calculate the work done by a force over a distance at an angle.
- Molar Mass Calculator Calculate the molar mass of a chemical formula (e.g. H2O, CaCO3) from element atomic weights.
- Mirror & Lens Equation Calculator Calculate the image distance and magnification from focal length and object distance.
- Decibel Combine Calculator Combine two sound levels in decibels — L = 10·log₁₀(10^(L₁/10) + 10^(L₂/10)).
- Reynolds Number Calculator Calculate the Reynolds number and flow regime.
- Boyle's Law Calculator Calculate the new volume of a gas at constant temperature using Boyle's law.
- Power Calculator (Physics) Calculate power from work done over time (P = W / t).
- Serial Dilution Calculator Calculate the final concentration and total dilution after a number of serial dilution steps.
- Speed–Distance–Time Calculator Enter any two of distance, speed and time and the third value is calculated automatically.
- Compton Scattering Calculator Calculate the Compton wavelength shift of a scattered photon from the scattering angle.
- Kepler's Third Law Calculator Calculate orbital period from semi-major axis and central mass using Kepler's third law.
- Light Travel Time Calculator Calculate how long light takes to travel a distance in km, AU or light-years.
- Potential Energy Calculator Calculate gravitational potential energy (PE = mgh).
- Cyclotron Frequency Calculator Calculate the cyclotron frequency of a charged particle in a magnetic field.
- Acceleration Calculator Calculate acceleration from change in velocity over time.
- Weight on Other Planets Calculator Calculate how much you would weigh on other planets and the Moon using their surface gravity.
- Bernoulli Equation Calculator Calculate downstream fluid pressure from upstream pressure, density and the two flow speeds.
- Clausius–Clapeyron Calculator Calculate vapor pressure at a new temperature from a reference point and enthalpy of vaporization.
- Dew Point Calculator Calculate the dew point from temperature and relative humidity.
- Final Velocity Calculator Calculate final velocity and distance travelled from initial velocity, acceleration and time.
- Telescope Magnification Calculator Calculate telescope magnification, focal ratio, exit pupil and maximum useful magnification.
- Elastic Potential Energy Calculator Calculates the elastic potential energy stored in a spring from its spring constant and displacement from equilibrium.
- Absolute Magnitude Calculator Calculate a star's absolute magnitude from its apparent magnitude and distance in parsecs.
- Rydberg Equation Calculator Calculate the wavelength of a hydrogen spectral line from two energy levels using the Rydberg equation.
- Freezing Point Depression Calculator Calculate freezing point depression and the solution's freezing point from molality and Kf.
- Mach Number Calculator Calculate the Mach number from speed and speed of sound.
- Projectile Motion Calculator Calculate range, maximum height and flight time of a projectile.
- Synodic Period of Two Planets Calculator Computes the synodic period between two planets from their orbital periods using 1/S = |1/P1 - 1/P2|.
- Equivalent Weight Calculator Calculate the equivalent weight of a substance from its molar mass and valence (n-factor).
- Buffer pH (Henderson-Hasselbalch) Calculator Computes the pH of a buffer solution from the pKa and the conjugate base and weak acid concentrations using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
- Stellar Parallax Distance Calculator Convert a star's parallax angle in arcseconds to distance in parsecs, light-years and astronomical units (distance = 1 / parallax).
- Stellar Luminosity Calculator Calculate a star's luminosity relative to the Sun from its radius and surface temperature.
- Density Calculator Calculate density from mass and volume.
- Hill Sphere Calculator Calculate the Hill sphere radius — the region where a body's gravity dominates over its primary's.
- Work (Energy) Calculator Calculate mechanical work done (W = force × distance).
- Coulomb’s Law Calculator Calculate the electrostatic force between two charges.
- Feels-Like Temperature Calculator Calculate the feels-like temperature (wind chill or heat index) from temperature, wind speed and humidity.
- Charles's Law Calculator Calculate the new volume of a gas at constant pressure using Charles's law (temperatures in Kelvin).
- Hardy–Weinberg Calculator Calculate genotype frequencies (p², 2pq, q²) from an allele frequency under Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium.
- Ideal Gas Law Calculator Calculate pressure from moles, temperature and volume (PV=nRT).
- Heat Conduction Calculator Calculate the rate of heat conduction through a material from conductivity, area, temperature difference and thickness.
- Snell’s Law Calculator Calculate the refraction angle with Snell’s law.
- Combined Gas Law Calculator Solve the combined gas law for the final pressure.
- Frequency to Period Calculator Calculate the period of a wave from its frequency (T = 1/f).
- Kinetic Energy Calculator Calculate kinetic energy from mass and velocity.
- Momentum Calculator Calculate linear momentum (p = mv).
- Pressure at Depth Calculator Calculate hydrostatic pressure at a fluid depth.
- Free Fall Calculator Calculate the fall time and impact velocity of an object dropped from a height (no air resistance).
- pH and pOH Calculator Calculate pH and pOH from the hydrogen-ion concentration of a solution.
- Punnett Square Calculator Calculate offspring genotype ratios and dominant/recessive odds for a monohybrid cross.
- Torque Calculator Calculate torque from force, lever arm and angle.
- Bragg's Law Calculator Calculate the diffraction angle from order, wavelength and lattice spacing (nλ = 2d·sinθ).
- Density Altitude Calculator Computes density altitude from pressure altitude and outside air temperature, with ISA temperature and deviation.
- Moles Calculator Calculate the number of moles from mass and molar mass.
- Stefan-Boltzmann Calculator Calculate radiated power with the Stefan-Boltzmann law.
- Time Dilation Calculator Calculate relativistic time dilation and the Lorentz factor for an object moving near light speed.