Neck Disability Index Calculator
Enter the total NDI raw score and number of sections answered.
Result
How it is calculated
Each answered section of the questionnaire is scored 0 to 5, so the highest possible raw score is max = sections × 5. The index is the share of that maximum: NDI % = raw / (sections × 5) × 100, rounded to one decimal. The sections field defaults to 10, the full questionnaire; enter a smaller whole number (1 to 9) if a section was skipped as not applicable, so the percentage is not dragged down. The raw score must be between 0 and the maximum, and sections must be a whole number from 1 to 10, otherwise there is no result. The category is read from the rounded percentage: up to 8 is none or minimal, up to 28 mild, up to 48 moderate, up to 68 severe, and above 68 complete disability. The tool also prints the score as raw / maximum, for example 18 / 50, and a note that it is for education only.
Worked example
A patient answers all 10 sections and the scores add up to 18. The maximum is 10 × 5 = 50. NDI = 18 / 50 × 100 = 36.0%. That lies above 28 and not above 48, so the category is moderate disability, and the tool shows the score as 18 / 50. If one section had been skipped, the same total of 18 would be divided by 9 × 5 = 45, giving 40.0%, a noticeably higher percentage for the same points.
Common mistakes
- Entering the percentage as the raw score. The first field is the sum of section scores (0 to 50), not an already-converted percentage.
- Leaving the sections at 10 when a section was skipped. The maximum then stays at 50 and the percentage is understated; enter 9 for nine answered sections.
- Adding up scores from a version of the questionnaire that uses a different scale, such as 0 to 4 per section. This tool assumes 0 to 5 per section.
- Entering more than 10 sections or a fractional number. The standard form has 10 sections, and anything above that, or not a whole number, shows no result.
- Treating a single score as a diagnosis. The category only describes the questionnaire result, and changes are tracked by repeating it at follow-up visits. A score of exactly 28% still counts as mild, and 28.1% as moderate.
Sources
- The Neck Disability Index: a study of reliability and validity — J Manipulative Physiol Ther, 1991 (Vernon & Mior)
About this calculator
The Neck Disability Index (NDI) is a patient-reported outcome questionnaire — ten sections covering pain intensity, personal care, lifting, reading, headaches, concentration, work, driving, sleeping, and recreation — with each section scored 0 (no disability) to 5 (worst disability). The raw section scores are summed and converted to a percentage: NDI % = (total raw score) / (5 × number of sections answered) × 100, which normalizes the score whether all ten sections were completed or a section was skipped as not applicable.
The resulting percentage sorts patients into standard disability categories — commonly no disability, mild, moderate, severe, and complete disability — that clinicians use to track a patient’s progress over the course of treatment for neck pain, whiplash, or cervical spine conditions. Physical therapists, chiropractors, and orthopedic clinicians administer the NDI at intake and at follow-up visits to quantify functional impairment and measure whether treatment is producing a meaningful change; this calculator converts a raw total score and the number of sections answered into the NDI percentage and its disability category.
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